Cash Flow

FCF — Free Cash Flow

Operating cash flow minus capital expenditure.

Definition

Free cash flow is the cash a business generates after paying to maintain and grow its productive asset base. It's the cash genuinely available to repay debt, pay dividends, repurchase shares, or fund acquisitions.

Formula

Operating Cash Flow − Capital Expenditure

Why it matters

FCF is the single most-cited measure of a business's financial health among long-term investors. Unlike earnings, FCF can't be juiced by accounting choices around depreciation, accruals, or revenue recognition.

How Standard Equity uses it

Used to compute FCF margin, FCF per share, FCF yield, and the FCF-to-Net-Income quality ratio.

The metric

CategoryCash Flow
Unit$M
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